Research on the characteristics of earthquake ruptures and infrasound anomalies based on percolation theory

Abstract

Compared with other precursors, infrasound has exceptional earthquake sensitivity; but it lacks relevant quantitative simulation of the dynamics of main faults and the mechanism of infrasound anomalies generated by earthquakes. Nevertheless, it is impossible to understand information on fracture source development based on these characteristics, which poses a challenge to applying this method to earthquake prediction. This paper uses the concept of percolation theory to establish the scale and loading variation in earthquakes from microfractures to large fractures. In an elastic medium model with several cracks, a theoretical analysis is done to understand the formation of acoustic emission and seismic activity. A dynamic study of the solid material in the initial microfracture during the extensive fracture process is carried out based on the dynamic method. The physical principles of solid mechanical fracture prediction are discussed, the characteristic mechanism of acoustic anomalies is revealed, and the applicability of the infrasound anomaly principle to the prediction of ground fracturing is discussed. Through the conclusions obtained from these theories, an analysis of the physical process of acoustic signal formation during fracture generation is carried out, the existing records are analyzed, the characteristics of phenomena are explained, and the causes of phenomena are partially revealed to verify the effectiveness of infrasound anomalies as precursors and to explore the method of predicting earthquakes through acoustic signal recording.