Docking studies, molecular structure, and spectroscopic analysis of 3-chlorobenzamide as an anti-cancer agent

Abstract

In this study, the FTIR and FT-Raman spectroscopies have been used to analyze the vibrational spectral characteristics of 3-chlorobenzamide (3CBA). Density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP method has been used for theoretical computations, a number of solvents and diffuse functions (6-311+G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p)) have been used. The determined vibrational frequencies and structural parameters have been examined and compared with the experimental data. To clarify the electronic characteristics of the molecule, computations have been made using the frontier molecular orbital (FMO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Fukui function and Mulliken analysis. The theoretical UV-Vis spectral study using various solvents (methanol and ethanol) has been made using time-dependent DFT computations. Molecular orbital contributions are investigated by densities of states (DOS) spectrum. The NMR chemical shifts for ¹H and ¹³C have been computed using the gauge-independent atomic orbital technique. From the docking analysis of the molecule, the ovarian cancer inhibitors (human Matrix metalloproteinase-2) showed the binding affinity of -6.5 and -6.4 kcal/mol, and breast cancer inhibitors (human progesterone and allosteric inhibitor) showed the binding affinity of -6.0 and -5.7 kcal/mol, which are comparable with the binding affinity of standard drugs. To reveal the drug similarity, ADMET prediction has been utilized. Thus, the molecule's computational and biological properties show that it is a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of both ovarian and breast cancers.